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Aquamarine Gemstones:
Aquamarine is found in a wide range of blue
shades, from light sky blue to deep ocean blue and for the obvious, the
Aquamarine is associated with the oceans of the world. Appropriately named
Aquamarine, it is derived from the Latin words "aqua” meaning water, and
"mare” meaning sea. According to legend, Aquamarine stones were the prized
possession of mermaids; which lead to sailor’s beliefs of ancient times that
Aquamarine brought good luck and held the powers to protect them from the
dangers of the seas. It was common for sailors to wear Aquamarine while at
sea. Other ancient traditions advocate gifting aquamarine to newly weds, as
insurance of a happy marriage, while others believed Aquamarine gave its
owner joy and wealth.
Recognized as the gemstone of sympathy,
trust, harmony and friendship it is worn well at any occasion.
Aquamarine is always in style; jewelers are
continually designing pieces that showcase Aquamarine. Jewelers like the
stone because of its breathtaking brilliance and hardness. The beauty of
Aquamarine never competes with the setting and always complements the
wearer. Aquamarine is related to Emerald, both belonging to the gemstone
family of Beryls. Interestingly, the color of Aquamarine is typically more
evenly distributed throughout the stone than is the color seen in Emeralds.
Aquamarine is significantly more available than its famous green brother;
hence there is an abundance of quality Aquamarine, free of inclusions. When
looking for Aquamarine the intensity of color is an important factor, it
raises the beauty of the stone, as well as, the value.
Brazil is home to some of today’s largest
deposits of Aquamarine, the earlier mined Aquamarine came from the Urals in
Russia, however those mines have been aggressively excavated. Other sources
include Australia, Myanmar, China, India, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique,
Namibia, Nigeria, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and here in the United States. The host
rock is pegmatite and coarse-grained granite.
Rich dark blues are typically the color of
choice. Because iron is the cause of color, Aquamarines of lighter blue
shades are sometimes heat treated to enhance the blue. However, high heat
can also lead to discoloration, a concern for a jeweler’s touch. Neutron and
gamma irradiation are occasionally used in color enhancement, but beware,
these changes usually do not last.
The term Santa Maria is used in association
with Aquamarine, the name is not a recognized variety, it is a trade name
for a large mine in Ceara Brazil. The largest aquamarine of gemstone quality
was found in 1910 in Marambaya, Minas Gerais (Brazil). It weighed 243 lb,
was 18 inches long and 15_ inches in diameter, and was cut into many stones
with a total weight of over 100,000 carats
The preferred cuts
are emerald and brilliant-cut with rectangular or long oval shapes.
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Aquamarine Properties |
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Composition |
SiO2 - Fe4 |
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Refractive Index |
1.57-1.6 |
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Hardness: |
7.5 - 8 Mohs |
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Specific Gravity: |
2.65 - 2.75 |
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Typical Cutting Style: |
faceted |
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Optic Character: |
DR, uniaxial negative |
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Polish Luster: |
Vitreous to resinous |
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Cause of Color: |
Iron |
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Cleavage: |
poorly developed; not seen in gemstones.
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Typical Size Range: |
1 to 10 ct; faceted stones over 1000 ct are
known |
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Public Recognition: |
Well Known |
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Birefringence: |
Weak (.006-.009) |
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Dispersion: . |
Medium (.014) |
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Pleochroism: |
Weak to moderate, blue and greenish blue |
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Fracture: |
Conchoidal, tough |
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Reaction to Heat |
Gentle heat may lighten the color, intense heat
may turn the gem colorless or produce a citrine |
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Stability to Light: |
Stable |
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Birthstone: |
March |
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Anniversary: |
Year 16th |
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Astrological Stone: |
None |
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Cleaning: |
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Ultrasonic |
Usually safe, unless stone contains feathers or
liquid inclusions |
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Steamer |
Usually safe, unless stone contains feathers or
liquid inclusions |
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Soapy Warm Water |
Safe |
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